UML中文课件-用例图类图对象图包图.pptVIP

p2:Personp1:Personc1:Companymanageremployeed1:Departmentd2:Departmentname:String=”Sales”name:String=”Tao”name:String=”Lei”name:String=”CHSUN”name:String=”Purchasing”对象和它们之间的关系2链 -*-对象图和类图的对比对应着同一幅类图，在不同时间绘制出来的对象图是不一样的类图：对象图：-*-2.9--包的概念和作用包(Package):是UML用来组织模型元素的模型元素。包在UML中被视为文件夹。可以把包比作一个存放模型元素的箱子或容器，在它里面可以存放多个模型元素。包中存放的模型元素可以是：类、接口、构件、用例、节点、活动、状态、包和图等。-*-包的表示名称：每个包都必须有一个与其它包相区别的名称简单名、路径名-*-书店图书管理的包图*webapplicationproduct*Ausecaseflowofevents:Containsthemostimportantinformationderivedfromuse-casemodelingwork.Shoulddescribetheusecase'sflowclearlyenoughforanoutsidertoeasilyunderstandit.Shouldpresentwhatthesystemdoes,nothowthesystemisdesignedtoperformtherequiredbehavior.Guidelinesfortheflowofevents.Specifythatthecontentmust:Detailtheflowofevents.All"what“questionsshouldbeanswered.Rememberthattestdesignerswillusethistexttoidentifytestcases.Describehowtheusecasestartsandends.Describetheflowofevents,notonlythefunctionality.Toreinforcethis,starteveryactionwith"Whentheactor....”Describeonlytheeventsthatbelongtotheusecaseandnotwhathappensinotherusecasesoroutsideofthesystem.Describethedataexchangedbetweentheactorandtheusecase.Avoiddescribingthedetailsoftheuserinterfaceunlesstheyareneededtoprovideanunderstandingthebehaviorofthesystem.Avoidvagueterminologysuchas"forexample","etc.,"and"information."IntheMaintainStudentInformationusecase,theremaybeseparatesub-flowsforadding,deleting,andmodifyingstudentinformation.Don’tbetooconcernedwiththeexactdefinition“basic”versus“alternateorexception.”Readabilityandunderstandabilityarethekeyhere.Note:Thecolorsarenotdistinguishableintheblack-and-whitebooks.That’sokay.Thepicturestillprovidesvalue,asthealternateflow